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Twice as many references in Bernart de Ventadorn’s songs connect the troubadour with Count Raimon V of Toulouse as link him with Eleanor of Aquitaine and Henry II. These references focus on Raimon’s eastern lands in the Rhône valley and this, together with consideration of the socio-cultural dimension of troubadour nicknames (where ascertainable), leads to the suggestion that the senhal «Mon Frances» in Bernart’s songs may designate William Taillefer, son of Raimon and Constance of France and instrument of his father’s ambitions in the Viennois and Grésivaudan.