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XL 2016 - 1

DIETMAR RIEGER, “Actualités” de la poésie des troubadours. Le problème de l’auteur et de l’autorité narrative [61-79]

Souligner l’actualité de la poésie du Moyen Âge signifie entre autres relier, plus que de coutume et de diverses manières, le passé et l’époque moderne à la recherche de continuités. Les troubadours du Moyen Âge peuvent par exemple être considérés comme les premiers auteurs-compositeurs-interprètes, donc comme les ancêtres des chansonniers modernes : les deux phénomènes poétiques s’éclairent réciproquement. De plus, les lettres médiévales gagnent en actualité en profitant d’innovations méthodologiques des lettres modernes, telle le problème du poète comme auteur (auctor) et celui de la construction de l’autorité (auctoritas) poétique: Dans la pastourelle par exemple, on peut voir comment les troubadours ont cherché à surmonter les schémas génériques en individualisant les stéréotypes : par la variation des compléments de temps et de lieu ainsi que par une écriture défictionnalisante aux traits parfois autobiographiques. En plus de ces stratégies textuelles, la performance devant les auditeurs est un moyen essentiel pour revendiquer l’autorité comme l’illustre – au-delà du genre pastoral – le cas de Guillaume IX d’Aquitaine.

To emphasize the high degree of current relevance of medieval poetry means, in different ways, a closer connection between the past and the modern age in search of continuities. The trobadors of the Middle Ages, for instance, can be considered as the first authors-composers-performers, thus the ancestors of the modern chansonniers. The two poetical phenomenons light up each other. Moreover, medieval studies are able to gain in current importance by benefiting from methodological innovations of the ‘lettres modernes’, for example the problems concerning the poet as author (auctor) and the construction of his poetic authority (auctoritas), here exemplified by the pastourelle of the trobadors. It is shown in which way the troubadours try to overcome generic schemes, how they individualize the stereotypes: they vary the references in time and space and fill their poems with a defictionalizing and sometimes autobiographical tone. Besides these textual strategies, the performance in front of the audience is an essential method to claim authority – as in the case of Guillaume IX d’Aquitaine (beyond the pastoral genre).

 

 

The Complainte de la tribulation et de la consolation de la Phylosophie is one of the many medieval translations of the homonymous work of Boethius. Written in Franco-Venetian by Bonaventure de Demena, it is preserved in a single manuscript (Paris, BnF, fr. 821). The Italian version, composed in Venetian, has been handed down to us in a manuscript belonging to the Biblioteca Civica in Verona (ms. 212).

The two translations are preceded by a prologue wherein the author claims both the authorship of a translation into French, and that of another translation into Italian, making it impossible to state clearly whether one version is the source text of the other, and therefore a self-translation.

The present work aims at finalizing the status quaestionis, and at disentangling the auctorial and translational strategies, thus explaining the contradictory statements in the two prologues by sketching a hermeneutical hypothesis for the chronological differences between the two translations and their philological links.

Letto 478 volte Ultima modifica il Martedì, 19 Aprile 2022 16:06

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Prof. Lino Leonardi
Medioevo Romanzo
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